Understanding GLP-1 Medications: A Comprehensive Guide to Weight Loss and Healthy Living
Photo by: LMH Health
LMH Health, 325 Maine St., is pictured in May 2021.
In today’s world, where diet and weight loss drugs are heavily marketed, it can be challenging to discern which options are suitable for individual needs. Among the most discussed medications are Zepbound and Wegovy, both belonging to a class known as GLP-1 antagonists. Initially developed for managing Type 2 diabetes, these medications have gained attention for their potential in weight loss.
How GLP-1 Medications Work
According to Dr. Jennifer Clair, a primary care physician at LMH Health Primary Care, GLP-1 medications operate by binding to GLP-1 receptors in the body. One of their primary functions is to lower blood sugar levels. At higher doses, these medications also interact with receptors that signal fullness, leading to a decrease in appetite. This dual action makes them particularly appealing for individuals struggling with obesity or weight-related health issues.
Who Should Consider GLP-1 Medications?
In March 2024, the FDA approved Wegovy for weight loss in adults with obesity or those who are overweight and have at least one weight-related comorbidity, such as cardiovascular disease. Dr. Clair notes that GLP-1 medications may be the preferred option for individuals with a Body Mass Index (BMI) over 30, especially when combined with diet and exercise. They may also be suitable for those with a BMI over 27 who have conditions like high cholesterol or sleep apnea.
However, it’s crucial to remember that these medications have only been used for weight loss for a few years, and their long-term effects are still being studied. While they have a solid safety record for treating Type 2 diabetes, ongoing research will help clarify their efficacy and safety for weight management.
The Risks of Compounding Medications
As the demand for GLP-1 medications rises, so does the temptation to seek cheaper alternatives through compounding pharmacies. Dr. Clair warns against this practice, stating, “The problem is that it’s really not clear what the compounding pharmacies are making these drugs out of.” Both the FDA and the Kansas Board of Pharmacy have issued statements cautioning against the safety and efficacy of compounded medications. While the high cost of legitimate prescriptions can be frustrating, seeking unregulated alternatives poses significant health risks.
The Importance of Healthy Eating
Even when using GLP-1 medications, adopting a healthy diet is essential. Dr. Clair emphasizes that there is no one-size-fits-all diet. Research shows that various diets can lead to weight loss, but sustainability is key. For instance, while the Mediterranean diet is heart-healthy, it may not always be low in calories. The focus should be on calorie intake and finding a diet that can be maintained over time.
Dr. Clair suggests that one of the most impactful dietary changes is reducing sugar intake. “We get a lot more sugar than we need, and that does a lot of harm,” she explains. With rising food prices, healthy eating can be challenging, but there are cost-effective strategies. Utilizing frozen fruits and vegetables can provide nutritional value at a lower cost, and growing your own produce or purchasing “misfit” fruits and vegetables can also help make healthy eating more affordable.
Incorporating Exercise into Your Routine
Exercise is a vital component of a healthy lifestyle. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that adults engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week. Dr. Clair asserts that combining exercise with dietary changes enhances weight loss success. “If you’re losing weight without exercise, you can lose muscle mass,” she warns, highlighting the importance of physical activity in maintaining overall health.
Breaking down the recommended 150 minutes into smaller, manageable segments can make it less daunting. For example, aiming for 30 minutes of exercise five days a week can be achieved through three 10-minute sessions each day. Before starting any new exercise or weight loss plan, especially for those with chronic health issues, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare provider.
Seeking Professional Guidance
Dr. Clair encourages individuals to seek guidance from their primary care providers when embarking on a weight loss journey. “Your primary care provider can help you get started on the path to a healthier lifestyle,” she says. Whether it’s determining the right diet, discussing exercise options, or exploring medication, professional support can significantly enhance the chances of success.
In conclusion, while GLP-1 medications like Zepbound and Wegovy offer promising options for weight loss, they should be part of a comprehensive approach that includes healthy eating and regular exercise. By understanding the role of these medications and making informed lifestyle choices, individuals can work towards achieving their health goals effectively and sustainably.
— Autumn Bishop is the marketing manager and content strategist at LMH Health, which is a sponsor of the Lawrence Journal-World’s health section.
